Does the hat have the characteristic of radiation?
Release time:
2021-05-27
Radioactive decay is spontaneous: The decay of radioactive isotopes (also called radionuclides) is spontaneous and cannot be changed by physical or chemical means.
Everyone must recognize four important characteristics of radiation:
(1) Radioactive decay is spontaneous: The decay of radioactive isotopes (also called radionuclides) is spontaneous and cannot be changed by physical or chemical means.
(2) The radiation is affected by the electromagnetic field: If the radiation is charged, it will be deflected by the electromagnetic field when it propagates. However, gamma radiation and x-rays are not electrically charged and therefore are not affected by electric fields when traveling.
(3) The radiation intensity decreases with the increase of time: the decay rate (or radiation intensity) of radioisotopes will decrease with the increase of time. The time required for each half of the radiation intensity is called the half-life. The half-life of each radioactive isotope is fixed and different, just like a human fingerprint. For example, cobalt 60 has a half-life of 5.26 years and radon 222 has a half-life in air of 3.82 days.
(4) Different radiations have different penetration capabilities: It can be seen from the figure that α rays have the weakest penetration ability, and a piece of paper can block them all. Beta ray penetration ability is slightly stronger. It can penetrate paper, but not aluminum. Gamma rays and x-rays have the strongest penetrating ability and require concrete or lead plates of appropriate thickness to effectively block them.
Therefore, a material for shielding γ-rays or X-rays requires a high-density metal material. The thickness of the container using lead as the cobalt 60 radioactive source is the smallest, the iron needs to be thicker, and the concrete needs to be thicker. If water is used for shielding, it needs to be thicker to achieve the same shielding effect.
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